国务院


国务院批转外国投资管理委员会、邮电部关于禁止各单位以及外商在我境内办理速递文件业务的请示的通知(附英文)
国务院


国务院同意外国投资管理委员会、邮电部《关于禁止各单位以及外商在我境内办理速递文件业务的请示》。现批转给你们，望按照执行。

关于禁止各单位以及外商在我境内办理速递文件业务的请示
国际特快传递业务（有的国家和地区称为速递文件业务），是最近十几年国际间兴起的一种新的邮政业务。这项特快专递业务是从寄件人手中收寄特快专递邮件后，按事先预定的航班发运，途中运输紧密衔接，到寄达邮局后由专门人员立即投送收件人。这项业务的特点是交寄方便、运
输迅速、按时投递、保证安全，整个邮递过程比一航航空邮件快得较多，收费比一般航空邮件较高。办好这项业务既能为用户提供良好的服务，又可增加企业收入。我国邮政自一九八Ｏ年七月十五日后，已同世界上十几个国家开办了特快专递邮件业务。随着我国民经济的发展，我国邮政与
各国邮政间的特快专递邮件业务也将随之发展起来。
一九八Ｏ年四、五月间，香港敦豪公司与广东省广州市邮局商办速递文件业务。同年八、九月间，美国敦豪公司又同我外贸部咨询与技术服务公司商办速递文件业务。他们这种要求，实际上就是国外私人企业在我国领土上设立办理国际邮件业务的“邮局”。他们不仅要求我国用户按照
其有关规章办理，而且要由该公司自行制订收费标准，我邮政无权过问。这不仅有损于我国主权、邮政经营管理权和经济利益，也将会造成我国邮政通信管理上的混乱。因此，不能允许国外任何私人企业在我国经营邮政通信和速递文件业务。对此，邮电部商得外国投资管理委员会的同意，
分别于一九八Ｏ年七月二十三日、九月十二日告知广东省邮电管理局和外贸部，以邮政通信包括信函、印刷品、文件资料的进出口传递业务应统由邮电部邮政总局管理和办理为由予以制止。
一九八Ｏ年十月下旬，美国艾德曼公司开始在北京国际俱乐部私自办理速递文件业务。艾德曼公司现在国际俱乐部租有办公室，并从北京市友谊商业服务公司雇用工作人员一人，负责办理速递文件业务的具体投递等事宜。到目前为止已由北京民航局收到自巴黎、香港和美国发来的速递
文件数件，由该公司雇用的工作人员送投收件人。外国私人公司来我国争办特快专递邮件业务的目的，是为了夺揽我国和世界各国或地区的来往速递文件业务。美国敦豪公司的一名顾问曾称，敦豪公司急于来中国开办速递文件业务，主要是想争个最先来中国的资格，打算先赔三至四年钱，
但以后会赚大钱。我们认为，对于美国艾德曼公司在北京私办速递文件业务的行为，应予以制止。
目前，我国邮政法尚未制订出来，国内不少单位尚不了解我国邮政是统一经营管理的。为了今后能更有效地维护我国邮政统一，禁止我国除邮政部门外的任何单位、个人以及外商在我国境内擅自开办速递文件业务，有必要重申，凡在我国境内以及我国与外国间开办的邮政业务，包括信
函、印刷品、文件资料的进出口传递业务以及速递文件业务，均由邮电部统一管理和办理，并统一制订资费标准和各种规章制度。其他机关、企业或个人不得在国内经营速递文件业务，尤其不应允许外国私商来我国插手经营此项业务。

以上如无不妥，请批转各地区、各部门执行。

CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE APPROVAL AND TRANS-MISSION OF THE REQUEST FOR INSTRUCTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE COMMISSIONFOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND THE MINISTRY OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ONFORBIDDING ANY UNITS OR FO
REIGN BUSINESSMEN TO ENGAGE IN EXPRESS DELIVERYOF DOCUMENTS

Important Notice: (注意事项)

英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)

CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE APPROVAL AND TRANS-
MISSION OF THE REQUEST FOR INSTRUCTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE COMMISSION
FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT AND THE MINISTRY OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ON
FORBIDDING ANY UNITS OR FOREIGN BUSINESSMEN TO ENGAGE IN EXPRESS DELIVERY
OF DOCUMENTS IN OUR COUNTRY
(January 19, 1981)
The State Council has approved the Request for Instructions on Forbidding
Any Units or Foreign Businessmen to Engage in Express Delivery of
Documents in Our Country sent by the Administrative Commission for Foreign
Investment and the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. It is hereby
transmitted to you for implementation.

REQUEST FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON FORBIDDING ANY UNITS OR FOREIGN BUSINESSMEN TO
ENGAGE IN EXPRESS DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS IN OUR COUNTRY
International express delivery (also called special delivery of documents
in some countries and regions) is a new postal service emerged in the
world only over 10 years ago. By this postal service, express delivery
mail from the addresser shall be transported with schedule flights,
through closely-link transport means on the way, to the post office at the
destination, where it is immediately delivered to the addressee by hand.
This service is characterized by convenience, speed, timeliness and
safety. The delivery is much faster than ordinary air mail, though the
charge is also higher. Providing express delivery not only offers good
service to customers, but also increases the revenues. Since July 15,
1980, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications of our country has
established express delivery with more than a dozen countries in the
world. With the development of our national economy, this service will
further develop between China and other countries in the world.

Sometime in April and May, 1980, DHL-SINOTRANS Ltd. In Hong Kong held
discussion with the Guangzhou Municipal Post Office in Guangdong Province
about the express delivery service. In August and September the same year,
Dunhao Company in the United States also held discussions with the
Consultation and Technical Service Company of the Ministry of Foreign
Trade for the same purpose. They were, in fact, asking for the
establishment of "a post office" by foreign private enterprises in order
to handle international mails in the Chinese territory. According to their
plan, the Chinese Customers should observe their relevant regulations and,
moreover, they would fix their own charge standards, in which our postal
service has no right to intervene. This would not only infringe upon our
sovereignty, right of postal management and administration and economic
interests, but also cause disorder in the administration of post and
communications in our country. Therefore, no foreign private enterprises
are allowed to engage in the business of postal communication and express
delivery of documents. In this connection, the Ministry of Posts and
Telecommunications, with the agreement of the Administrative Commission
for Foreign Investment, notified the Administration for Postal Affairs of
Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Foreign Trade on July 23, 1980 and
September 12, 1980 respectively that they must stop their negotiations
with the relevant companies on the ground that the delivery of letters,
printed matters, documents and materials must all be administered and
managed by the General Post Office of the Ministry of Posts and
Telecommunications.

In late October, 1980, American ALTMAN Co. of the United States started
the service of express delivery of documents at the International Club in
Beijing without authorization. American ALTMAN Co. has rented an office
from the club and hired a staff member from the Friendship Commercial
Services Company of Beijing Municipality in charge of the actual business.
Up to now, several documents have arrived at the Beijing Civil Aviation
Administration by special delivery from Paris, Hong Kong and the United
States and have been delivered to the addressees by the employee. The
purpose of the foreign private enterprises in vying for express delivery
service in China is to seize the business of express delivery of documents
between China and other countries and regions in the world. A consultant
of DHL-SINOTRANS Ltd. in the United States once said that the company was
eager to start the business of express delivery in China, mainly because
it wanted to be the first of such companies; it was ready to lose money on
the venture for first three to four years, but it expected to make big
money later. We hold that American ALTMAN Co.'s unauthorized business in
Beijing mentioned above must be stopped. At present, a law for postal
service has not been formulated in China and many units do not know that
the postal service in China is under unified management and
administration. In order to protect the unification of our postal service
more effectively in the future and forbid any enterprises or individuals
outside the postal department and any foreign businessmen to start the
business of special delivery of documents in China without authorization,
it is necessary to reiterate that any postal service which is run within
China or jointly run with other countries, including the inward or outward
delivery of letters, printed matter, documents and materials and special
delivery of documents, must be administered and managed in a unified way
by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, which is responsible for
formulation of unified postal charges and various rules and regulations.
Other organs, enterprises or individuals may not engage in the business of
express delivery of documents in China. Foreign private businessmen in
particular shall not be allowed to have a hand in this line of business.
If nothing is inappropriate, it is requested that the above be approved
and transmitted to all the localities and departments for implementation.



1981年1月19日
文化部 财政部 国家工商局


文化事业单位开展有偿服务和经营活动的暂行办法

1987年2月2日，文化部、财政部、国家工商局

为了更好地满足人民群众对文化生活的需要，并增强文化事业单位的自身发展能力，近几年来，各地文化事业单位，利用各自的知识、艺术、技术和设备等条件，相继开展了一些有偿服务，取得一些收入，用于补充文化事业经费的不足。同时，有的单位为了安置富余人员，还举办了某些与本单位业务有关的服务业或加工业的经营活动。实践表明，这样做有利于文化事业由过去“供给制”的单纯服务型，逐步转变为有偿的经营服务型；有利于文化事业单位在加强社会主义精神文明建设中，提供多种服务，扩大服务范围，提高服务质量；有利于繁荣和发展文化艺术事业。
但是，也出现了一些值得注意的问题。例如，有的有偿服务和经营项目，不从实际的可能出发，影响了本职工作；有的缺乏应有的审批手续；有的收支管理紊乱，发生了某些违法乱纪等行为。为了使文化事业单位更好地开展有偿服务和经营活动，并使其管理逐步完善，根据国家有关规定，特制定本暂行办法。
一、文化事业单位必须坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务的方向，正确处理好社会效益与经济效益的关系，把社会效益放在首位。同时，要改善经营管理，注意经济效益，在努力做好本职工作、保证完成国家规定的各项任务的前提下，发挥各自的特长和优势，利用现有的人力、物力，把无偿服务和有偿服务结合起来，积极开展“以文补文”的有偿服务和经营性活动。各单位开展的有偿服务和经营性活动，必须从自己的实际情况出发，因地制宜，量力而行，不得影响本职工作，弃文经商。各级文化、财政、工商、税务等部门，应加强领导、监督和扶持，使其健康发展。
二、文化事业单位可根据各自的业务特点和社会需要，作为本身业务的延伸，开展各项有偿服务活动。如开展复印、影印、缩微、装订业务，编印科技、艺术、文物资料，提供音像资料和科技、文化艺术咨询，举办各种专业讲座、辅导班、培训班、舞会、音乐茶座，从事录像放映、书画展销、戏装租赁、乐器维修、美容化妆、艺术摄影、群众文艺演出和文体活动等类项目。
文化事业单位为了方便参加活动的群众，也可以开办一些服务性的经营项目，如开设小卖部、冷热饮食部、招待所、餐厅。还可从事艺术演出器材、音像制品、图书馆设备用品的制作和自销业务，以及文物复制、工艺美术、广告、装潢、服装道具的设计和加工等类项目的经营活动。有的单位，特别是艺术表演团体，为了安置富余人员，可以继续兴办服务业和加工业等企业。
三、文化事业单位开展的有偿服务项目，应报请文化主管部门批准。举办的经营性活动，根据国家有关规定，报经文化主管部门审查批准后，应向工商行政管理部门申请登记，经核发《营业执照》方准经营。
四、开展有偿服务和举办经营性活动的收支，应实行不同的管理方法。开展有偿服务的各项收入，均应作为本单位的业务收入，纳入本单位的预算管理。个别有条件单独核算的项目，可单独设立帐簿，进行独立核算，收入抵补支出外，纯收入部分，纳入本单位的预算管理。
举办经营性活动的项目，一般均应作为事业单位的附属单位或网点，实行独立核算自负盈亏。附属单位或网点的留利，事业单位可以从中合理分成。事业单位分得的部分，应纳入预算内管理，用于发展事业。附属单位或网点的留利，应设立三项基金，大部分用于发展经营活动，其余用于福利和奖励。以上分成比例和三项基金的比例，由文化主管部门和同级财政部门根据具体情况核定。
五、文化事业单位开展有偿服务，主要应利用现有的条件；如确需增加必要的设备，可以在单位年度预算中适当购置。举办经营性活动所需资金，原则上由事业单位自筹解决。自筹有困难的，可以在不影响事业单位正常开支的条件下，经财政部门同意，从核定的事业费中少量借用，定期归还；也可以报请文化主管部门和财政部门核拨给一定的资金或周转金；还可以向银行申请优惠贷款或利用其他集资等形式。
六、文化事业单位举办的经营性活动的人员，原则上应与事业单位的人员分开管理，划开编制，不得混岗。事业单位参加经营活动的人员，其工资、福利等待遇，由经营单位或网点支付，允许保留其国家职工的身份和工资等级。如一时难以分开的，其工资、福利待遇，可暂由事业单位支付，但不得领取双份报酬。举办经营性活动，需要少数特殊工种或技艺较强的人员，事业单位调配不了的，可以自行招聘，实行合同制，按期办理去留手续。
七、文化事业单位开展有偿服务和举办经营性活动的收入，是为弥补文化经费的不足，各级财政部门，应予积极支持，不要因此抵减事业单位的经费预算。
各级税务部门，对于文化事业单位举办经营性活动的收入，应按国家有关税收的规定，分别不同情况办理；对缴纳税金确有困难的，可报经税务部门批准，酌情给予减免税照顾。
八、文化事业单位开展的有偿服务和举办的经营性活动，必须严格遵守国家的政策法令和财经纪律，接受财政、工商、税务、银行、物价等部门的监督。不得以任何名义滥发奖金、实物或补贴；一般不准向外单位出租业务用房、设备牟利；不得传播国家明令禁止的淫秽物品；不准套购和倒卖国家紧缺物资；严禁走私贩私，买空卖空。
九、本办法自一九八七年一月一日起试行。各省、自治区、直辖市和计划单列市的有关部门，应按以上办法，结合本地的实际，共同制定具体实施办法。今后，如国务院对事业单位开展经营活动有新的规定，应按新规定执行。